Frederick William The Elector Quotes & Sayings Showing search results for "Frederick William The Elector" sorted by relevance. challenges. The march was a stunning success. France promised assistance and subsidies, while Sobieski in turn allowed French recruitment in Poland-Lithuania and promised to aid Hungarian rebel forces who were to distract the Habsburgs from their war against France. The elector also encouraged immigration from Piedmont, and especially France, where Louis XIVs pro-Catholic religious policies led twenty thousand Protestant Huguenots, many of them professionals and skilled artisans, to settle in Brandenburg, along with fifty Jewish families who were given special trading privileges. was written by Charles IV so his daughter, Maria, could inherit the throne. Then, during the winter of 1678-1679, Frederick William equaled the brilliance of the Fehrbellin campaign when he marched his army across the frozen lagoons at Frisches Haff and Kurisches Haff to outflank the Swedes and force them to retreat from Prussia altogether. At the monthly meeting of cheese connoisseurs, members are known to _____ for hours about perfect cheese blends or the merits of certain aging techniques. Although it had made a profound statement, Brandenburg remained a minor continental player, still subject to the whims of the larger powers. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). [7], Although a strict Calvinist who stood ready to form alliances against the Catholic states led by France's Louis XIV, he was tolerant of Catholics and Jews. Refresh your browser window to try again. When he became elector (ruler) of Brandenburg in 1640, the country was in ruins from the Thirty Years' War; it had lost half its population from war, disease and emigration. After his wife died, he began to rule harshly. He was successful in achieving greater recognition for his Hohenzollern Dynasty, and his son and successor, Elector Frederick III, became king in 1701. The Great Elector: Frederick William of Brandenburg-Prussia' Summer Reading: the Kaiserreich, 18711914; German Unification German-Speaking States Were Being Left Behind During the Industrial Revolution; East Prussia 2.0: Persistent Regions, Rising Nations; The Kingdom of Wurttenmerg and the Making of Germany, 1815-1871 According to Branderburger spies, the Swedes had no idea that the electors army had drawn so close. Their children were as follows: On 13 June 1668 in Grningen, Frederick William married Sophie Dorothea of Holstein-Sonderburg-Glcksburg, daughter of Philip, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glcksburg and Sophie Hedwig of Saxe-Lauenburg. Frederick the Great. The Great Elector Derek McKay 3.50 8 ratings1 review Want to Read Kindle $47.84 Rate this book In this first biography in English for fifty years, Derek McKay avoids the limitation of seeing Frederick William primarily as precursor of the 'Enlightened' Frederick the Great. Compounding matters, the Austrians consistently blamed the campaigns dismal outcome directly on Frederick William. Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg aliases The Great Elector Frederick William (German: Friedrich Wilhelm) (16 February 1620 29 April 1688) was Elector of Brandenburg The wait was brief. The peasants, both free and enserfed, suffered the most, and many fled the electorate to escape their plight. In his mind, the only solution was to create a formidable military that could compete with the major European powers surrounding him. Instead they were enlisted into the army. (571) became Hapsburg emperor in 1711. Related Topics He had married Louise Henrietta Louise Henrietta , princess of Orange and daughter of the Dutch stadtholder William of Orange (later King William III William III (king of England) ), partially for religious reasonsthe Dutch were Calvinistbut also to get Dutch support for his territorial claims to the small principalities of Julich-Berg. The Great Elector: Frederick William of Brandenburg-Pr ussia (Profiles In Power) Be the first to write a review. In contrast to the religious disputes that distrupted the internal affairs of other European states, Brandenburg-Prussia benefited from the policy of religious tolerance adopted by Frederick William. The capital Berlin had only 6,000 people left when the wars ended in 1648. Although committed to the Protestant Calvinist faith, Frederick William formed alliances with Catholic rulers when it was to his advantage. **c**. Delaying the process even more was a sudden attack of the gout that prevented Frederick William from reaching The Hague until May. Every moment of resistance to temptation is a victory. The Great Elector is most famous for building a strong standing army, with an elite officer corps. Within months of the treaty, he was searching for an excuse to break it. In addition to creating a standing army and defeating the territorial estates, of Brandenburg and Prussia, Frederick William established himself as a sovereign--if petty--European. Historians compare him to his contemporaries such as Louis XIV of France (16431715), Peter the Great (16821725) of Russia, and Charles XI of Sweden (16601697). Item exactly as described, in perfect condition. Frederick William the Great Elector. Like other rulers of the seventeenth century, he often practiced political absolutism, but on practical grounds more so than on philosophical or theological grounds. As Brandenburg-Prussia remained economically impoverished after the Thirty Years War, he hoped to replicate the mercantile successes of the Dutch East India Company. Frederick William, (born Aug. 20, 1802died Jan. 6, 1875, Prague), elector of Hesse-Kassel from 1847 after 16 years co-regency with his father; he was noted for his reactionary stand against liberalizing trends manifested during the revolutionary events of 1848. Only through constant expansion could it manage to protect itself, but with a pacific-minded government in place to watch over the youthful king, conquest was not an option. Ongoing struggle between Sweden and Poland for control of Baltic after 1648 and wars of Louis XIV created atmosphere of permanent crisis. Their power and prestige was derived mostly from land ownership. Rather than exploit his victory with an immediate counterattack, he ordered his troops to stay put. Polish king John III Sobieski planned to restore Polish suzerainty over the Duchy of Prussia, and for this purpose concluded an alliance with France on 11 June 1675. It was a remarkable display of troop coordination, and the Brandenburger generals conducted the move so secretly that upon reaching their destination, they were as yet entirely undetected by the Swedes. This put Waldemars entire army in danger of being outflanked. He succeeded in his goal of centralizing the administration and increasing the revenue,[2] and was an advocate of mercantilism, monopolies, subsidies, tariffs, and internal improvements. His shrewd domestic reforms gave Prussia a strong position in the post-Westphalia political order of north-central Europe, setting Prussia up for elevation from duchy to kingdom, achieved under his son and successor. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Very fast delivery, good seller! Many of the refugees were professionals and skilled artisans. In 1668 he introduced the Prussian General Staff; it became the model in controlling an army for other European powers. Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg To which House did Elector Frederick William belong? Later that year they abandoned him altogether, forging with France the Treaty of Nymwegen. A learned man, he founded a university and established the Berlin library. Absolutely no hesitation whatsoever in buying from again! After marching 250 kilometres in 15 days back to Brandenburg, he caught the Swedes by surprise and managed to defeat them on the field at the Battle of Fehrbellin, destroying the myth of Swedish military invincibility. The Peace of Westphalia Westphalia, Peace of (1648) ended the Thirty Years War in 1648, and although the Calvinists in the empire were guaranteed religious toleration, Frederick Williams territorial gains were minimal. Our goal is to help you by delivering amazing quotes to bring inspiration, personal growth, love and happiness to your everyday life. The daring horsemen of Frederick William had seen to that at Fehrbellin. Maybe you wanted to enjoy our rich variety of performing and visual arts. But Frederick William had no intention of meekly accepting defeat. Another consequence of his military ambitions was the alliance between the elector and the nobility of Brandenburg and Prussia, that is, between the elector and the Junkers (landowners, who controlled territories in the east). / Harold James, The Massacre in January 1945 on the Baltic Seashore, Introduction Rival Histories of Emer De Vattel's Law of Nations*, Germans Displaced from the East: Crossing Actual and Imagined Central European Borders, 1944-1955, Immigration and the Diffusion of Technology: the Huguenot Diaspora in Prussia, Applicant Age Country of Origin Departure Date Expr1004, Geography and the Rise of Prussia After 1815, UC Berkeley Berkeley Undergraduate Journal, Immigration and the Diffusion of Technology: the Huguenot, FREDERICK the GREAT and the SEVEN YEARS' WAR, Queen Louise of Prussia: Gender, Power, and Queenship During the Sattelzeit Era, Migration Across the Frontiers of Germany, The Long-Term Effects of Oppression: Prussia, Political Catholicism and the Alternative Fr Deutschland, The Fall of Hitler's Fortress City: the Battle for Konigsberg, 1945, The Regional Incidence of Disease in Germany, Introduction Locating Saxony in the Landscape of German Regional History, German Immigrant Arrivals: Resources in the Library of Congress Compiled and Annotated by Barbara B. By the year of the electors death, the military bureaucracy dominated the government. Many thanks! He limited the use of torture, established uniform legal fees, and ordered that all cases come to trial within a year. He saw the importance of trade and promoted it vigorously. When the elector finally petitioned the Dutch for aid, they agreed to dispatch their fleet to the Baltic to challenge the Swedes. Frederick William, the Great Elector, Faith Healer Peter Popoff Is Exposed as a Fraud, Little League Baseball Star Danny Almonte Is Found to Be Overage, Crucial Conversations: Tools for Talking When Stakes are High. was King Frederick I's grandson, who became king in 1740, and was a mercantilist. His lands were still divided, and Swedish power still loomed large. Frederick William called off further offensives and was content to allow the remaining Swedes to withdraw. Incensed, the Brandenburgers took it upon themselves to assault Turenne independently, but without the support of their allies, they could achieve nothing. Beginning in 1356, each ruler of Brandenburg had been one of seven electors who chose the emperors of the Holy Roman Empire, dominated by the Austrian Habsburg Dynasty. The entire operation cost Frederick William a mere 15 men. A model experimental farm, influenced by the electors wife, Louise Henrietta, was established at Oranienburg, near Berlin. his forces were defeated, but the Hapsburgs had to compromise with Hungary and give them more power over themselves. When a French army attacked Holland, initiating the Franco-Dutch War, Frederick William was quick to pledge his support to the Dutch Republic. He restricted imports through high tariffs and encouraged exports by offering subsidies to domestic industries. A loyal soldier, Derfflinger dropped his objection and set out at once. Read more about this topic: Brandenburg-Prussia, "The Great Elector", Frederick William, 16401688, The French courage proceeds from vanitythe German from phlegmthe Turkish from fanaticism & opiumthe Spanish from pridethe English from coolnessthe Dutch from obstinacythe Russian from insensibilitybut the Italian from anger.George Gordon Noel Byron (17881824), America is addicted to wars of distraction.Barbara Ehrenreich (b. He paid attention to infrastructure, especially building the Frederick William Canal through Berlin, linking his capital city to ocean traffic. Something of a novelty in the period, Frederick William always made it a point to consult his officers in times of war. The Great Elector is most famous for building a strong standing army, with an elite officer corps. His services, however, came at a price. Since 1672, Louis had been paying the Swedes to maintain an army of 16,000 men in Pomerania for the sole purpose of intimidating Brandenburg, but Frederick William felt he had little to worry about from them. William Henry, Electoral Prince of Brandenburg (16481649). Your prince and captain will conquer with you, or die like a knight! In his zeal, the elector suddenly found himself surrounded by enemy soldiers. Besides, he had little choice but to combine with the Austrians if he wanted any chance to fightattempting to battle the French alone would be nothing short of suicide. In 1672, the Franco-Dutch War broke out, with Brandenburg-Prussia involved as an ally of the Dutch Republic. A member of the House of Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Despite the cannon fire searing through their ranks, the Swedes charged madly, putting the battles outcome in doubt. For nearly two and a half centuries, Prussia celebrated June 28 as a birthday of sorts. In the seventeenth century, there was little German nationalism, and localism reigned supreme. reigned from 1019-1054. Frederick William, later known as the great elector, assumed power in the midst of the catastrophic Thirty Years War (1618-1648) Thirty Years War (1618-1648);Frederick William and . View basket for details. Frederick William expected the Dutch to hold out for a considerable length of time, but when the republic was almost entirely absorbed by France during the course of one lightning-fast campaign, the need to act decisively became ever more pressing. Under Frederick I, the family's possessions were unified as the kingdom of Prussia. By the end of the Thirty Years War he understood that his power depended upon having a standing army, and at the height of the war against the Dutch his army totaled forty-five thousand. In his half-century reign, 16401688, the Great Elector transformed the small remote state of Prussia into a great power by augmenting and integrating the Hohenzollern family possessions in northern Germany and Prussia. He introduced permanent taxation. Our database is searchable by subject and updated continuously. On Waldemars command, a wave of Swedish infantry, followed by cavalry, stormed up the hill. However, when Louis XIV of France concluded the Dutch War by the Nijmegen treaties, he marched his armies east to relieve his Swedish ally, and forced Frederick William to basically return to the status quo ante bellum by the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1679). He later destroyed another Swedish army that invaded the Duchy of Prussia during the Great Sleigh Drive in 1678. Trudging through the mud created by a blinding rainstorm, they reached the towns gates at midnight. The seeds were thus sown for the dramatic growth of the army in generations to come. Luckily for him, the Swedes were in no mood to press their advantage. A few years earlier, in 1667, he had made that point clear to his son, stressing that the only way for a state to become considerable was to command a strong army. The resulting Treaty of Westphalia had extended Swedish control over the Baltic, most notably in Germany, where Sweden received a large portion of Pomerania. The Brandenburgers departed for Rathenow on June 25. He was religiously tolerant. During the final months of 1675, the Brandenburger army drove the Swedes into Mecklenburg, where Charles XIs tormented army withered still further. Life of Frederick William, the Great Elector of Brandenburg book. Taxation;Brandenburg On occasion, he simply authorized the seizure of taxes without the consent of the estates. was elected the new hereditary tsar in 1613 of Russia. vOTW"yt:*UVVuL/*VF. [3], In 1672, Frederick William joined the Franco-Dutch War as an ally of the Dutch Republic, led by his nephew William of Orange but made peace with France in the June 1673 Treaty of Vossem. The larger of these states, Sweden, already possessed a strong tradition as a French ally. He wrote to Leopold in exasperation: I fear the French will follow us and my lands be totally ruined and my fortresses lost, and I will have to conclude a humiliating peace. It was no idle threat. Furthermore, certain diplomatic measures were required before it could confidently engage the Swedesnamely, negotiations with the Dutch Republic concerning naval assistance against the Swedish fleet. Funding the military through heavy taxes required building up new industry, such as wool, cotton, linen, lace, soap, paper, and iron. Aware that Fehrbellin was the only suitable place to cross the marshes, Derfflinger knew exactly which route the younger Wrangel would take. Oblivious to the circumstances, the Swedish army concentrated solely on garrison duties and the brutal business of suppressing the numerous peasant uprisings in the area. A developing threat to his back door by Sweden did nothing to diminish Frederick Williams enthusiasm for war. WebFrederick, CO - Official Website | Official Website Connect With Us ENGAGEMENT & EVENTS Town Codes & Permits APPLICATION & INFORMATION New Resident Welcome Kit & ONLINE BILL PAY Town Maps FIND ALL THE MAPS YOU NEED Board of Trustees MEETINGS & AGENDA CENTER Submit A Request QUESTIONS & COMMENTS Frederick William, preferring hunting rather than the arts, left court culture to Louise Henrietta, although Frederick William had neither the inclination nor, more important, the finances to emulate Louis XIVs Versailles Palace. In 1675, he defeated the invading Swedes at the Battle of Fehrbellin, Fehrbellin, Battle of (1675) winning for himself the title of the great elector, later the title of a biography by Samuel von Pufendorf, one of his advisers. That winter, however, the army was ill-prepared to march. 3. Carsten prediction was a battle in the Northern War. WebFrederick is the home of Riverside Research Park, a large biomedical research park located on Frederick's east side. Quantity: 2 available. It influenced Peter to build St. Petersburg. By 1672, the size of the empire presented the young King Charles XI with a dilemma. On that date in 1675, the Prussians achieved the start of their proud military tradition. Sophia Dorothea of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glcksburg, Philip, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glcksburg, Gustav Adolph, Duke of Mecklenburg-Gstrow, Joachim Frederick, Elector of Brandenburg, Articles incorporating a citation from the Encyclopedia Americana, Articles incorporating a citation from the Encyclopedia Americana with a Wikisource reference, Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia. Frederick William, along with his most trusted general, the Austrian Georg von Derfflinger, begged Bournonville to take action, but to no avail. The other state was on the opposite end of the spectrum. In the second half of the 17th century, Frederick William, the Great Elector, developed Brandenburg-Prussia into a major power. Waldemar knew that the main Brandenburger army was close, but he did not fear an attack. We win by tenderness. In 1672, it remained vital for Brandenburg to tie itself into alliances with outside powers that were willing to provide the subsidies necessary for an enlarged military to exist. Corrections? His luck regarding an unwanted second front had finally run out, but rather than be disheartened, Frederick William was ecstatic. $13.95 (paper), ISBN 978-0-582-49482-4. Derek McKay's erudite yet concise biography avoids the, hagiography of Frederick William's later admirers and offers instead a compelling account of how the, ruler earned this epithet. He had swamplands drained. The elector was perhaps happier with Dorothea, who was more willing to join him in hunting and drinking than was Louise Henrietta. Louis was indeed growing impatient with his northern ally, suspecting the Swedes of being content to selfishly drain his coffers without lifting a finger to come to his aid. Faced by an invading army from Sweden, one of the foremost powers of the day, the Brandenburgers prepared for battle at the little town of Fehrbellin, northwest of Berlin. Rallying his men, he raced to the front of the line, crying: Forward! Following the close of the Thirty Years War in 1648, France had emerged as the strongest kingdom on the Continent, making it inevitable that the ambitious Louis would dictate the ebb and flow of European politics for years to come. With the help of both the conversion of the eastern Slavs to Christianity and the loose but real political unification of the eastern, Slavic territories under a single prince and a single dynasty in the eleventh century were in the mainstream of European medieval civilization.. After the death of Great Prince Iaroslav the Wise, the powerful principality in present-day Ukraine disintegrated into competing political units. To the east was Prussia Prussia , of which the kings of Poland were the nominal overlords, and to the west the small states of Cleves and Mark. Though militarily successful in Swedish Pomerania, he had to bow to France's demands and return his gains to Sweden in the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1679). Given their crippling financial crisis, it was obvious that the Swedes would need outside help if they wished to hold onto all the pieces of their empire. The elector begged his Austrian ally to advance against Henri Turenne, the great French general leading the enemy forces in Westphalia, but Montecuccoli refused to budge. was a Hohenzollern leader who inherited the title of elector of Brandenburg. To the Swedish rear lay a conglomeration of large swampsa certain detriment should a sudden, hurried retreat be necessary. For the full article, see Frederick William . David Parker, "Absolutism" in Peter Stearns, ed., Princess Dorothea Sophie of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glcksburg, Philip William, Margrave of Brandenburg-Schwedt, Marie Amelie, Hereditary Princess of Mecklenburg-Gstrow, Elisabeth Sophie, Duchess of Saxe-Meiningen, Philip, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glcksburg, Joachim Frederick, Elector of Brandenburg, German colonial projects before 1871#Brandenburg-Prussian colonies, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Frederick_William,_Elector_of_Brandenburg&oldid=1126229370, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the Encyclopedia Americana with a Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopdia Britannica, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, William Henry, Electoral Prince of Brandenburg (16481649), Carsten, Francis L. "The Great Elector and the foundation of the Hohenzollern despotism. Derfflinger opposed the strategy, arguing that his horsemen were too exhausted from the march and the assault on Rathenow, but the elector, backed by Prince Friedrich, overruled him, stressing the need for a decisive campaign. RT @HREAssociation: The family of the Great Elector Frederick William of Brandenburg (1620-88) - Die Familie des Groen Kurfrsten Friedrich Wilhelm von Brandenburg by M Czwiczk. Sitting idle, the allied army consequently suffered terribly from a lack of provisions. Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License. [2], Frederick William was a military commander of wide renown, and his standing army would later become the model for the Prussian Army. A member of the House of Hohenzollern, he is popularly known as "the Great Elector"[1] (der Groe Kurfrst) because of his military and political achievements. was also known as Ivan the Great. 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